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groups, including: 15-19, 20-24, 25-29, 30-34, 35-39, 40-44 and 45-

49. Total fertility rate is calculated by the following formular:

7 B
TFR  5  i  1000
i 1 W i
Where:

TFR: Total fertility rate
Bi: Number of live births in the reference period of women in the

age group (i);

th
i: i age group;
th
Wi: Number of women of the i age group up to the reference
time-point.

The coefficient of 5 in the above formula is applied for the
average rate of consecutive 5-year age groups so that the TFR will be
commensurate with the age-specific fertility rates described in this

formula.

Crude death rate is one of the two components of natural
population increase. High or low value of crude death rate can affect
the size, structure and population growth rate. Crude death rate
indicates that for every 1000 people, how many deaths are in the

reference period.

D
CDR   1000
P
Where:

CDR: Crude death rate;
D: Total of deaths in the reference period;

P: Population up to the reference time-point.

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