Page 656 - niengiam2021

PEOPLE LIVING STANDARD

Multi-dimensional poverty households are households whose
monthly average income per capita is at or below income-based
poverty line (welfare poverty line) or whose monthly average income
per capita is above income-based poverty line but below minimum

living standard and deprives of at least 3 indices for measuring
deprivation of access to basic social services. The multi-dimensional
poverty line is defined upon two criteria, including income-based
criteria and basic-social-service-based criteria as follows:

Income-based criteria:
+ Income-based minimum living standard is the income level that

guarantees to afford basic minimum needs for a person to survive,
including food, foodstuff demands and non-food consumption suitable
with socio-economic situation of the province/city directly under

central management in each period.
+ Income-based poverty line (also welfare poverty line) is the
income level which household is considered as income poverty if its

income is lower than that level.

Criteria for deprivation of accessing to basic social services:

+ 5 basic social services include: Health, education, housing,
clean water and sanitation and information accessibility.

+ 10 indicators for measuring level of deprivation: (1) Adult
education; (2) Child school attendance; (3) Accessibility to health care
services; (4) Health insurance; (5) Quality of house; (6) Housing area

per capita; (7) Drinking water supply; (8) Hygienic toilet/latrine; (9)
Use of telecommunication services; (10) Assets for information
accessibility.

Monthly average income per capita is calculated by dividing the
total income of household in a reference year by the number of
household members and by 12 months. Household income is the total

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